Thus the banana producer and distributor Chiquita produces publicity material for the American market which says that "a plantain is not a banana". This makes bananas especially vulnerable to pests and diseases, as a novel pathogen or pest could quickly decimate a variety if it were to exploit a genetic weakness among the clones. In the 15th and 16th centuries, Portuguese colonists started banana plantations in the Atlantic Islands, Brazil, and western Africa. The paper is either hand-made or by industrial process. Learn tips for creating your most beautiful (and bountiful) garden ever. [15] Each pseudostem normally produces a single inflorescence, also known as the "banana heart". [95] The only known defense to TR4 is genetic resistance. musacearum. Despite this, the original names are still recognized by some authorities, leading to confusion. Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV) is a plant virus of the genus Babuvirus, family Nanonviridae affecting Musa spp. Each plant just produces one stem of bananas, holding up to 200 bananas. Leaves. Raw bananas (not including the peel) are 75% water, 23% carbohydrates, 1% protein, and contain negligible fat.
", "The earliest modern plantations originated in Jamaica and the related Western", "Banana History – The history of bananas as food", "Nana from heaven?
[61] Jules Verne introduces bananas to his readers with detailed descriptions in Around the World in Eighty Days (1872). [148], "Banana" is also a slur aimed at some asian people, that are said to be "yellow on the outside, white on the inside". In other regions, such as Southeast Asia, many more kinds of banana are grown and eaten, so the binary distinction is not useful and is not made in local languages. Banana leaves are used worldwide as cooking materials, plates, umbrellas, seat pads for benches, fishing lines, clothing fabric, and soles for inexpensive shoes. [67] Cavendish cultivars are resistant to the Panama disease, but in 2013 there were fears that the black sigatoka fungus would in turn make Cavendish bananas unviable. Learn more, There are many ways you can protect rainforests, fight climate change, and help people and wildlife thrive. My little brother didn't see you do it.
After it has been growing for 6 to 8 months, leave one sucker. The plant needs 10 - 15 months of frost-free conditions to produce a flower stalk. grow best in Zones 9 through 10. However, more care is required for shipping the Cavendish,[92] and its quality compared to Gros Michel is debated.
At lower temperatures, ripening permanently stalls, and the bananas turn gray as cell walls break down. Areas of secondary diversity are found in Africa, indicating a long history of banana cultivation in these regions. An alternative approach divides bananas into dessert bananas and cooking bananas, with plantains being one of the subgroups of cooking bananas. There are numerous references to it in Islamic texts (such as poems and hadiths) beginning in the 9th century. During the medieval ages, bananas from Granada were considered among the best in the Arab world. [144] Alves picked up the banana, peeled it and took a bite, and the meme went viral on social media in support of him. All plants are genetically identical, which prevents evolution of disease resistance. After the fruit is removed, cut the main stem down to 2.5 feet. These plants thrive in warmer temperatures (up to 85 F). In summary, in commerce in Europe and the Americas (although not in small-scale cultivation), it is possible to distinguish between "bananas", which are eaten raw, and "plantains", which are cooked. [61] North Americans began consuming bananas on a small scale at very high prices shortly after the Civil War, though it was only in the 1880s that the food became more widespread. in the family Musaceae. While most species grow best in warmer climates, there are cold-hardy banana trees. PL24 2SG Plant Adaptation Andrew Do Eunice Yoon Explanation Explanation Name: Apple Tree Scientific Name: Malus domestica Native: Mountains of Central Asia in Southern Kazakhastan, China Adaptation: One adaptation that the apple tree has made is the apple itself. [8] All the above-ground parts of a banana plant grow from a structure usually called a "corm".
[10] The leaves of banana plants are composed of a "stalk" (petiole) and a blade (lamina). [33][34], The accepted scientific names for most groups of cultivated bananas are Musa acuminata Colla and Musa balbisiana Colla for the ancestral species, and Musa × paradisiaca L. for the hybrid M. acuminata × M.
They make good houseplants with enough light and water.
It uses big leaves that cover its body to absorb the sunlight that is needed. Numerous phytoliths of bananas have been recovered from the Kuk Swamp archaeological site and dated to around 10,000 to 6,500 BP. Bananas grow in a wide variety of soils, as long as the soil is at least 60 centimetres (2.0 ft) deep, has good drainage and is not compacted. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Each herbaceous trunk bears only one bunch of fruit and is cut down after harvest to encourage new growth from the rhizome (underground stem). A stem develops which grows up inside the pseudostem, carrying the immature inflorescence until eventually it emerges at the top. The Rainforest Alliance is a 501(c)(3) Nonprofit registered in the US under EIN: 13-3377893. Explore your giving options, The Rainforest Alliance certification seal means that the product (or a specified ingredient) was produced by farmers, foresters, and/or companies working together to create a world where people and nature thrive in harmony. This property is attributed to the degradation of chlorophyll leading to the accumulation of a fluorescent product in the skin of the fruit.
Thus both Cavendish cultivars, the classic yellow dessert bananas, and Saba cultivars, used mainly for cooking, are called pisang in Malaysia and Indonesia, kluai in Thailand and chuoi in Vietnam. Plant populations co-evolve characteristics that are uniquely tailored to their environment. [27], The word banana is thought to be of West African origin, possibly from the Wolof word banaana, and passed into English via Spanish or Portuguese.[28].
Musa species are native to tropical Indomalaya and Australia, and are likely to have been first domesticated in Papua New Guinea. Banana plants thrive naturally on deep, loose, well-drained soils in humid tropical climates, and they are grown successfully under irrigation in such semiarid regions as southern Jamaica. Frequent pruning is required to remove surplus growth and prevent crowding in a banana plantation. Introducing "One Thing": A New Video Series, The Spruce Gardening & Plant Care Review Board, The Spruce Renovations and Repair Review Board. [71] Likewise, Dwarf Cavendish and Grand Nain are in no danger of extinction, but they may leave supermarket shelves if disease makes it impossible to supply the global market.
Provide more protection by bringing your plants indoors or winterize your plant when cold weather hits. Dried bananas are also ground to make banana flour. [41][42] Small farmers in Colombia grow a much wider range of cultivars than large commercial plantations. [128], Now I don't think much of the man that throws a banana peelin' on the sidewalk, and I don't think much of the banana peel that throws a man on the sidewalk neither ... my foot hit the bananer peelin' and I went up in the air, and I come down ker-plunk, jist as I was pickin' myself up a little boy come runnin' across the street ... he says, "Oh mister, won't you please do that agin? [62] As late as the Victorian Era, bananas were not widely known in Europe, although they were available. Guineos verdes (green bananas) that have not been gassed will never fully ripen before becoming rotten. Both genera are in the banana family, Musaceae. [119][120] The flavor resembles that of artichoke. Avoid over-watering which can cause root rot. Mangoes, oranges, lemons, and grapefruits are grown widely throughout tropical and subtropical environments in South America. Bananas feature prominently in Philippine cuisine, being part of traditional dishes and desserts like maruya, turón, and halo-halo or saba con yelo. Because bananas and plantains produce fruit year-round, they provide a valuable food source during the hunger season (when the food from one annual/semi-annual harvest has been consumed, and the next is still to come).
This may be a possible indication of very early dispersal of bananas by Austronesian traders by sea from as early as 2000 BCE. It involved the combination of modern transportation networks of steamships and railroads with the development of refrigeration that allowed more time between harvesting and ripening. Bananas are indigenous to the tropical portions of India, Southeast Asia and northern Australia, and were brought to South America by the Portuguese in the early 16th century. [12][13] Leaves are spirally arranged and may grow 2.7 metres (8.9 ft) long and 60 cm (2.0 ft) wide. Banana pancakes are popular among travelers in South Asia and Southeast Asia. Still, due to its size, it is commonly thought of as a tree.
Although Cavendish bananas are by far the most-common variety imported by nontropical countries, plantain varieties account for about 85 percent of all banana cultivation worldwide. [63], The vast majority of the world's bananas today are cultivated for family consumption or for sale on local markets. [67] These are propagated asexually from offshoots. The vivid yellow color consumers normally associate with supermarket bananas is, in fact, caused by the artificial ripening process.
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