DuPont became interested in developing a synthetic elastic fiber in the 1930s, which was perfected by chemist Joseph Shivers in 1959. It is used for hand sew…, https://www.encyclopedia.com/manufacturing/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/spandex, https://www.encyclopedia.com/fashion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/spandex. length, poor strength, but Each molecule gets added on to the end of another molecule, and a long chain polymer is formed. Spandex is the preferred name in North America, while elastane is most often used elsewhere. . CHARACTERISTICS OF SPANDEX. So, the excellent stretch of spandex compensates for the fact that it's a weak fiber. The fibers can be added to any fabric to improve its stretchability. Here, it’s cured and turned into fibers. The development of spandex was started during World War II. It is a polyether-polyurea copolymer that was invented in 1958 by chemist Joseph Shivers at DuPont's Benger Laboratory in Waynesboro, Virginia. The French Olympic ski team wore Lycra garments for the 1968 Winter Olympic Games, and soon athletic-gear makers began using it. . Take Your Stainless Piping Service To The Next Level, The Science Behind Prototype Injection Molding, The Upsides and Downsides Associated With Solar Lighting Systems. durable than rubber, resistant to body Typically, it is a moderately…, Background If the spandex fibers are interwoven with other fibers such as nylon or polyester, special dying methods are required. Can elongate anywhere from 500 to 700% Advertise Other low molecular weight amines are added to control the molecular weight of the fibers. [11] DuPont conducted market research to find out what women wanted from textiles, then began developing fibers to meet their needs, including a better fiber for women's girdles, which were commonly made of rubber at the time. [11] Fashion's original style icon, Audrey Hepburn helped catapult the brand on and off-screen in the late 1950s; models and actress like Joan Collins and Anne-Margret followed Hepburns aesthetic by posing in Lycra clothing for photo shoots and magazine covers. By using the elastic properties of spandex fibers, scientists can create fabrics that have desirable stretching and strength characteristics. This unique elastic property of the spandex fibers is a direct result of the material's chemical composition. is Invista's Two primary motivating factors prompted their research. In fact, spandex fibers can be stretched to almost 500% of their length. These are typically compounds with tertiary amine functionality, which can interact with the oxides of nitrogen in air pollution. After production, the spandex fibers are also tested. How Products Are Made. Different blends of spandex with conventional fibers are expected to produce higher-quality fibers. Spandex fiber characteristics. Spandex is often known by its trade name, Lycra, which was introduced by American chemical company DuPont in 1959. The Properties of Spandex. Spandex is a synthetic polymer. lotions, and detergents, athletic, aerobic, over 500% without breaking, able to be stretched In the 1990s a variety of other items made with Spandex proved popular, including a successful line of body-shaping foundation garments sold under the trade name Bodyslimmers. In the fiber, this molecule provides strength. In the early nineteenth century, baleen, a bony but bendable substance from the mouth of the baleen whale, was sewn into seams of the corset (hence the term whalebone corsets), however the late 1800s corsets like this were stiffened with small, thin strips of steel covered with fabric. Spandex is a type of elastane fiber that is also referred to as dorlastan or lycra. In the eighteenth century, thick quilting and stout seams on the corset shaped the body when the garment was tightly laced. This is done with a. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. It can be used as a representation of the huge milestones we have made in the development of man-made fibers. Since solution dry spinning is used to produce over 90% of the world's spandex fibers, it is described. Therefore, it’s best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publication’s requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. The amorphous segments remain in an elongated state. Additionally, they are easily dyed. When the fiber is stretched to its maximum length, the rigid segments again bond with each other. long What is Billboard Advertising and Why Do Companies Use It? The classic AC air covering machine can produce the spandex fibers through any of the following means: All the above methods feature an initial step that involves the reaction of monomers to produce a pre-polymer. Around the same time, scientists at Du Pont produced the first nylon polymers. substance is a ." Introduce New Product, Service and Material | COADEngineering. Goodrich, C & W. Evans. [14] Spandex proved such a popular fiber in the garment industry that by 1987 DuPont had trouble meeting worldwide demand. The quality of spandex fibers has continually improved since they were first developed. for DuPont launched an extensive publicity campaign for its Lycra brand, taking advertisements and full-page ads in top women's magazines such as Vogue, Glamour, Harper's Bazaar, Mademoiselle, McCalls, Ladies Home Journal, and Good Housekeeping.
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